1. Using Documents C, D, and E (page 2 - all numbers referred to are the big hand written page numbers) explain how Lenin and Stalin worked to secure the supremacy of the party.
Lenin and Stalin worked in a way to use superior power to simple expunge other groups from interfering. In source E it is demonstrated that the Stalinist overpowers the other groups, that he can simply bore through while smaller groups fail to stop it. In source C, Lenin's resolution was passed by the Tenth Party Congress, that ordered the immediate dispersal of all opposing groups, showed the consolidation of power by removing anyone who would go against the government. Source D presents the thought that the proletariat was saved from the Mensheviks, where the ability to have strength is to rid the area of opportunist who would present corruption.
2. In what ways do Documents A, B and C (pages 3 - 4) support the assertion made in Document C that "Lenin wanted power, Lenin's rivals did not want it"?
3. What can be inferred from Document D (page 4) about the following?
a: Why soldiers wanted to go home
b: Why the soldiers now supported the Bolsheviks.
Friday, October 29, 2010
Wednesday, October 27, 2010
Lenin in Power
1. What was the Sovnarkom?
The people's commission under Lenin, with a number of decrees regarding the increase of power and control of stability over the people. Peace with Germany, giving the Tsar's and nobles lands peasants and the control of factories of the workers were some of these decrees.
2. Why was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk bad for Russia?
This treaty lost a large amount of land to germany, but even more so in industry, agriculture and natural resources, ending up without half of what it had before, as well as loosing a third of the population and owing germany 300 million roubles.
3. Who were the "Whites"?
The whites were the army of the provisional government, fighting to protect the power the the Tsar had left with what had been left of his court.
4.. Read Source 3. What evidence does it provide of Lenin's
a) political skill
This source makes the rich, bourgiousis appear hostile to the government, that the Bolsheviks are trying to reconstruct factories and save people from famine. Direct propaganda.
b) ruthlessness
Would accuse a high social class of sabotage due to greed, to get a majority to mass together against such a group.
5. Use Sources 5 and 7 to describe how the Civil War affected ordinary people.
It is as if two countries fight for control over a third party that lacks power. both require similar resources, and take them from peasants in similar manners. And the people simply have no power to look up to, that governs them, as oppression is from both options.
6. "Most Russians saw the Bolsheviks as the lesser of two evils." With reference to Sources 5, 7, 13 and 16 explain whether or not you agree with this statement or not.
i agree with this statement, with the statistics and figures, and also the fact that the Bolsheviks had been chosen. both the Reds and White may be seen as evil, but definite preference was for Lenin. Source 5 suggests the at Bolsheviks were rutheless, killing many for grain, that the soldiers must do so, or be killed themselves, and all resulting in famine within the cities. the White, suggested in source 7, however, would completely strip towns of resources, burning a path of destruction and punishing based on location, not individuals. Source 13 supports Lenin, expressing that freedom had been achieved from the capitalists and Tsar, ridding people of sovereignty, while sill providing many jobs to Russians. As for the lesser of two evils, statistics in source 16 point out that the Whites had killed twice that of the Reds.
The people's commission under Lenin, with a number of decrees regarding the increase of power and control of stability over the people. Peace with Germany, giving the Tsar's and nobles lands peasants and the control of factories of the workers were some of these decrees.
2. Why was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk bad for Russia?
This treaty lost a large amount of land to germany, but even more so in industry, agriculture and natural resources, ending up without half of what it had before, as well as loosing a third of the population and owing germany 300 million roubles.
3. Who were the "Whites"?
The whites were the army of the provisional government, fighting to protect the power the the Tsar had left with what had been left of his court.
4.. Read Source 3. What evidence does it provide of Lenin's
a) political skill
This source makes the rich, bourgiousis appear hostile to the government, that the Bolsheviks are trying to reconstruct factories and save people from famine. Direct propaganda.
b) ruthlessness
Would accuse a high social class of sabotage due to greed, to get a majority to mass together against such a group.
5. Use Sources 5 and 7 to describe how the Civil War affected ordinary people.
It is as if two countries fight for control over a third party that lacks power. both require similar resources, and take them from peasants in similar manners. And the people simply have no power to look up to, that governs them, as oppression is from both options.
6. "Most Russians saw the Bolsheviks as the lesser of two evils." With reference to Sources 5, 7, 13 and 16 explain whether or not you agree with this statement or not.
i agree with this statement, with the statistics and figures, and also the fact that the Bolsheviks had been chosen. both the Reds and White may be seen as evil, but definite preference was for Lenin. Source 5 suggests the at Bolsheviks were rutheless, killing many for grain, that the soldiers must do so, or be killed themselves, and all resulting in famine within the cities. the White, suggested in source 7, however, would completely strip towns of resources, burning a path of destruction and punishing based on location, not individuals. Source 13 supports Lenin, expressing that freedom had been achieved from the capitalists and Tsar, ridding people of sovereignty, while sill providing many jobs to Russians. As for the lesser of two evils, statistics in source 16 point out that the Whites had killed twice that of the Reds.
Thursday, October 7, 2010
Lenin and the Bolsheviks Take Power
1. Why was Lenin reluctant to compromise with the Mensheviks or Socialist Revolutionaries?
THe mensheviks and socialist revolutionairies were prone to comprimises and peace agreements. Lenin saw that these only prolonged the position of the monarchy, and allowed them to gain power back again over time. He wanted a completely new government, not an imporvement upon an already corrupt one. He simply wanted to tear down the opposition.
2. List two reasons why the Provisional Government under Kerensky could not govern.
People had lost trust, further, wit not only the attempt at war with Germany, but also the immense failure of doing such. After such, the army itself attempted to coup the government, only to have the general arrested. The provisional government proceeded to arrest and kill protesters, and denied coorperation wit the bolshivicks and other groups, calling them upon high treason.
3. The Bolsheviks did not have a majority at the Congress of Soviets after the October Revolution. How did they manage to assume power?
The other groups assuming power walked out, angry at the decisions of the bolsheviks. They simply left the conference, and by default the bolsheviks won power of the government.
4. What did the Bolsheviks have to give up in order to get out of World War I? What was the name of the Treaty?
The Bolsheviks had to give up half of everything that made Russian strong. Including the support of the people. Loss of industry,further lack of land, brought more poverty upon the people, and the instability divided more peoples.
5. What was the Checka?
A terror movement, that made random arrests on Lenin's opponents, and random citizens accused to be enemies, to bring Russia into submission of the Bolsheviks.
6. What supporters joined the Red Army? White Army?
Soviets supported the Red Army (Bolshiviks, as well as many peasants who had been denied rights by the tsar. The menshiviks and SR supported the white army, as well loyalists, and peasants caught in between.
7. How many Russians died during the Civil War? How many emigrated to other countries?
13 million Russians had died, and 2 million had emigrated to other countries.
THe mensheviks and socialist revolutionairies were prone to comprimises and peace agreements. Lenin saw that these only prolonged the position of the monarchy, and allowed them to gain power back again over time. He wanted a completely new government, not an imporvement upon an already corrupt one. He simply wanted to tear down the opposition.
2. List two reasons why the Provisional Government under Kerensky could not govern.
People had lost trust, further, wit not only the attempt at war with Germany, but also the immense failure of doing such. After such, the army itself attempted to coup the government, only to have the general arrested. The provisional government proceeded to arrest and kill protesters, and denied coorperation wit the bolshivicks and other groups, calling them upon high treason.
3. The Bolsheviks did not have a majority at the Congress of Soviets after the October Revolution. How did they manage to assume power?
The other groups assuming power walked out, angry at the decisions of the bolsheviks. They simply left the conference, and by default the bolsheviks won power of the government.
4. What did the Bolsheviks have to give up in order to get out of World War I? What was the name of the Treaty?
The Bolsheviks had to give up half of everything that made Russian strong. Including the support of the people. Loss of industry,further lack of land, brought more poverty upon the people, and the instability divided more peoples.
5. What was the Checka?
A terror movement, that made random arrests on Lenin's opponents, and random citizens accused to be enemies, to bring Russia into submission of the Bolsheviks.
6. What supporters joined the Red Army? White Army?
Soviets supported the Red Army (Bolshiviks, as well as many peasants who had been denied rights by the tsar. The menshiviks and SR supported the white army, as well loyalists, and peasants caught in between.
7. How many Russians died during the Civil War? How many emigrated to other countries?
13 million Russians had died, and 2 million had emigrated to other countries.
Wednesday, October 6, 2010
1905 Revolution
1.Why was modernisation needed?
Russia was seen as a major power, but with a weak industry there was little that they could support there army. Also, a growing population, that based itself on agriculture, the poor weather conditions caused starvation, and the peasants who had little to loose started multiple uprising. The outdated machines did little to have any positive efficiency with farming. Simply, Russia needed to industrialize, to create a navy and army, to rival other super powers, and to improve the economy for the citisens.
2.Why was modernisation dangerous to the Tsar?
Most countries who had modernised had democracy, and parliaments. To maintain autocracy, would be difficult, as bringing millions of previously hateful farmers into cities, would demand work forces and challenge the government with centralised core of civil revolutionairy armies.
3.how did Witte try to build up industry?
He wanted to build up the railways and tax citizens, whi
4.How successful was Witte's economic policy?
Russia was seen as a major power, but with a weak industry there was little that they could support there army. Also, a growing population, that based itself on agriculture, the poor weather conditions caused starvation, and the peasants who had little to loose started multiple uprising. The outdated machines did little to have any positive efficiency with farming. Simply, Russia needed to industrialize, to create a navy and army, to rival other super powers, and to improve the economy for the citisens.
2.Why was modernisation dangerous to the Tsar?
Most countries who had modernised had democracy, and parliaments. To maintain autocracy, would be difficult, as bringing millions of previously hateful farmers into cities, would demand work forces and challenge the government with centralised core of civil revolutionairy armies.
3.how did Witte try to build up industry?
He wanted to build up the railways and tax citizens, whi
4.How successful was Witte's economic policy?
Tuesday, October 5, 2010
Russia, 1861-1905
1. List the general goals of the:
a. socialists
Create classless scociety by taking land from the nolbles and distrubuting it among the peasants along with the riches.
b. liberal reformers
Create a governemtn much like western powers (United States), to fix the mistakes of the autocracy.
2. List three characteristics of serfs' lives.
With a life span of only 35 years, the serfs lived in poverty, without education or contact with the rest of the world. Outdated farming equipment caused many famines, and the people's were forced to live with the farm animals.
3. List four reforms of Tsar Alexander II.
4. Why did the populists go "to the people" in 1873-1874?
5. List two consequences of the famine of 1891.
6. Why was Karl Marx important to Russian intellectuals?
7. What were the Goals and Methods of the following political groups in early twentieth century Russia? (see page 8 of the reading)
a. Liberal Democrats
b. Socialist Revolutionaries
c. Social Democrats
8. How did Bloody Sunday change people's attitudes toward the Tsar?
9. List four reforms in Tsar Nicholas's October Manifesto.
a. socialists
Create classless scociety by taking land from the nolbles and distrubuting it among the peasants along with the riches.
b. liberal reformers
Create a governemtn much like western powers (United States), to fix the mistakes of the autocracy.
2. List three characteristics of serfs' lives.
With a life span of only 35 years, the serfs lived in poverty, without education or contact with the rest of the world. Outdated farming equipment caused many famines, and the people's were forced to live with the farm animals.
3. List four reforms of Tsar Alexander II.
4. Why did the populists go "to the people" in 1873-1874?
5. List two consequences of the famine of 1891.
6. Why was Karl Marx important to Russian intellectuals?
7. What were the Goals and Methods of the following political groups in early twentieth century Russia? (see page 8 of the reading)
a. Liberal Democrats
b. Socialist Revolutionaries
c. Social Democrats
8. How did Bloody Sunday change people's attitudes toward the Tsar?
9. List four reforms in Tsar Nicholas's October Manifesto.
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